Keywords
CAM assay
Moringa oleifera
Abstract
Background: Angiogenesis is the formation of new blood vessels that supports the progression of cancer. Angiogenesis inhibition will inhibit metastasis and growth of tumour cells. Moringa oleifera leaves extracts have been reported to possess therapeutic effects like anticancer, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and hypotensive effects. Chick chorioallantoic membrane is an extraembryonic membrane which consists of high density of capillary networks. This enables it to be used in this research to screen the antiangiogenic potential of fresh Moringa oleifera leaves extracts. Materials and Methods: Preliminary phytochemical screenings were carried out on extracts. Fresh fertile chicken eggs were divided into different treatment groups. Sample treatment was given to the eggs on day six of incubation. Pre- and post- treatment images of the chorioallantoic membrane were taken using stereomicroscope. Percentage of blood vessels increased/ reduced after treatment were determined at the end of 24 and 48 hours of treatment. Results: Preliminary phytochemical screening of methanolic extract of Moringa oleifera leaves showed the presence of alkaloid, flavonoid, tannins, and steroid. The screening also revealed that aqueous Moringa oleifera leaves extracts contained alkaloid, flavonoid, saponins, tannins and steroid. Statistical analysis revealed that the antiangiogenic effect was increased with increased methanolic leaves extracts concentration (p<0.05). The analysis also found that the antiangiogenic effect was not significantly increased with the increased in aqueous leaves extracts concentration (p>0.05). Conclusion: Methanolic and aqueous extracts of Moringa oleifera contain various phytochemicals that inhibits angiogenesis.
References
Othman Z, Khalep HRH, Abidin AZ, Hassan H, Fattepur S. The Anti-Angiogenic Properties of Morinda citrifolia. L (Mengkudu) Leaves Using Chicken Chorioallantoic Membrane (CAM) Assay. PJ. 2019 Jan 7;11(1):12–5.
Deryugina EI, Quigley JP. Chapter 2 Chick Embryo Chorioallantoic Membrane Models to Quantify Angiogenesis Induced by Inflammatory and Tumor Cells or Purified Effector Molecules. In: Angiogenesis: In Vivo Systems, Part A. Elsevier; 2008. p. 21–41. (Methods in Enzymology; vol. 444).
Hussain I, Omer MO, Ashraf M, Rehman HU. Effect of Diclofenac Sodium Angiogenesis Using Chorioallantoic Membrane (CAM) Assay. J App Pharm. 2011 Jul 20;3:331–44.
Igado OO, Olopade JO. A Review on the Possible Neuroprotective Effects of Moringa oleifera Leaf Extract. Niger J Physiol Sci. 2017 Mar 6;31(2):183–7.
Johnson IT. Phytochemicals and cancer. Proc Nutr Soc. 2007 May;66(2):207–15.
Siddhuraju P, Becker K. Antioxidant properties of various solvent extracts of total phenolic constituents from three different agroclimatic origins of drumstick tree (Moringa oleifera Lam.) leaves. J Agric Food Chem. 2003 Apr 9;51(8):2144–55.
Awodele O, Oreagba I, Odoma S, Teixeira J, Oluseye V. Toxicological evaluation of the aqueous leaf extract of Moringa oleifera Lam. (Moringaceae). J Ethnopharmacol. 2012 Jan 31;139(2):330–6.
Tufan AC, Satiroglu-Tufan NL. The chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane as a model system for the study of tumor angiogenesis, invasion and development of anti-angiogenic agents. Curr Cancer Drug Targets. 2005 Jun;5(4):249–66.
Melkonian G, Munoz N, Chung J, Tong C, Marr R, Talbot P. Capillary plexus development in the day five to day six chick chorioallantoic membrane is inhibited by cytochalasin D and suramin. J Exp Zool. 2002 Feb 15;292(3):241–54.
Giannopoulou E, Katsoris P, Hatziapostolou M, Kardamakis D, Kotsaki E, Polytarchou C, et al. X-rays modulate extracellular matrix in vivo. Int J Cancer. 2001 Dec 1;94(5):690–8.
Gul R, Jan SU, Faridullah S, Sherani S, Jahan N. Preliminary Phytochemical Screening, Quantitative Analysis of Alkaloids, and Antioxidant Activity of Crude Plant Extracts from Ephedra intermedia Indigenous to Balochistan. The Scientific World Journal [Internet]. 2017 Mar 13 [cited 2020 Jul 15];2017. Available from: https://www.hindawi.com/journals/tswj/2017/5873648/
Gebregiorgis Amabye T, Mekonen Tadesse F. Phytochemical and Antibacterial Activity of Moringa Oleifera Available in the Market of Mekelle. JAPLR [Internet]. 2016 Feb 5;2(1). Available from: https://medcraveonline.com/JAPLR/phytochemical-and-antibacterial-activity-of-moringa-oleifera-available-in-the-market-of-mekelle.html
Andrew R, Izzo AA. Principles of pharmacological research of nutraceuticals [Internet]. Vol. 174, British Journal of Pharmacology. 2017. p. 1177–94. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bph.13779
Sultana B, Anwar F. Flavonols (kaempeferol, quercetin, myricetin) contents of selected fruits, vegetables and medicinal plants. Food Chem. 2008 Jun 1;108(3):879–84.
Tosetti F, Ferrari N, De Flora S, Albini A. Angioprevention’: angiogenesis is a common and key target for cancer chemopreventive agents. FASEB J. 2002 Jan;16(1):2–14.
Ren W, Qiao Z, Wang H, Zhu L, Zhang L. Flavonoids: promising anticancer agents. Med Res Rev. 2003 Jul;23(4):519–34.
Suphachai C. Antioxidant and anticancer activities of Moringa oleifera leaves. J Med Plants Res. 2014 Feb 17;8(7):318–25.
Al-Asmari AK, Albalawi SM, Athar MT, Khan AQ, Al-Shahrani H, Islam M. Moringa oleifera as an Anti-Cancer Agent against Breast and Colorectal Cancer Cell Lines. PLoS One. 2015 Aug 19;10(8):e0135814.
Martin NC, Pirie AA, Ford LV, Callaghan CL, McTurk K, Lucy D, et al. The use of phosphate buffered saline for the recovery of cells and spermatozoa from swabs. Sci Justice. 2006 Jul;46(3):179–84.
Hao Z, Sadek I. Sunitinib: the antiangiogenic effects and beyond. Onco Targets Ther. 2016 Sep 8;9:5495–505.
Christensen JG. A preclinical review of sunitinib, a multitargeted receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor with anti-angiogenic and antitumour activities. Ann Oncol. 2007 Sep;18 Suppl 10:x3–10.
Reuter S, Gupta S, Chaturvei M, Aggarwal B. Oxidative stress, inflammation, and cancer: How are they linked? Free Radical Biology and Medicine. 2010 Dec 1;49(11):1603–16.
PubChem. Quercetin [Internet]. [cited 2020 Oct 13]. Available from: https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/5280343
Abdull Razis AF, Ibrahim MD, Kntayya SB. Health Benefits of Moringa oleifera. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2014 Nov 6;15(20):8571–6.
Rauf A, Imran M, Khan IA, ur-Rehman M-, Gilani SA, Mehmood Z, et al. Anticancer potential of quercetin: A comprehensive review [Internet]. Vol. 32, Phytotherapy Research. 2018. p. 2109–30. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ptr.6155
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c) 2024 Asia Pacific Journal of Health Sciences and Research